As a militaristic society, the Aztec civilization placed great importance upon a citizen’s achievement in battle. The taking of enemy captives in battle could raise a warrior up into the ranks of the Eagle and Jaguar Warriors, in turn giving him the status and rights associated with the honored elite of Aztec society.
The Brotherhood of Jaguar & Eagle Aztec Warriors
Much of what is known about the Aztec Jaguar and Eagle Warriors derives from the Florentine Codex, a work compiled by Bernardino de Sahagún during his time as a missionary in the New World. Sahagún studied Aztec religion and culture, both of which were directly linked to warfare and Aztec warrior societies. He saw the Eagle and Jaguar Warrior societies as a couple, one rarely being mentioned without the other, a point of view that has not changed to this day.
Jaguar and Eagle Warriors possessed more similarities than differences. While each order had its own distinct attire, both shared an equal rank in society and fought in the same manner. They were also granted the same rights by the king. According to historian Ross Hassig, these included “the right to wear otherwise proscribed jewelry and daily military attire, dress in cotton and wear sandals in the royal palace, eat human flesh and drink octli in public, keep concubines, and dine in the royal palace.”
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